Nice Python packages for GIS:

• Basics: pyproj (for projection); gdal (for raster data processing); fiona (for vector data io)
• Geometry operation: shapely
• Vector data: geopandas
• Raster data: rasterio
• Raster and vector data analysis: rasterstats
• Map visualization: cartopy + geopandas + geoplot + matplotlib-scalebar + geo_northarrow